Vise



E. W. FULTON.

VISE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1921- 1,404,109. Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

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VISE. 7 APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1921.

1,404,109. Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

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E. W. FULTON.

VISE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3. 1921.

1 A04, 1 09 Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

3 SHhETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN WAYLAND FULTON,

OF LOWVILLE, NEW YORK.

VISE.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, EDWIN IN. FULTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowville, in the county of Lewis and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vises, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This inventionrelates to vises and has for an object to provide a vise having diametrically positioned aws proportioned for holding different types of work, with improved means for rotating the vise structure to bring either of said jaws .into operative position.

A further object" of the invention is to provide improved means for rotating the jaw structure relative to the sustaining structure, whereby either of said jaws may be positioned at various an les to or corresponding with a horizontal.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved shearing device coupled with the vise structure for shearing or cutting rods, or the like under the stress.

exerted by the vise mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means for facilitating the rotation of the vise structure upon a horizontal axis.

With these and other objects in view the invention comprises certainnovel elements, parts, units, structures, functions and combinatio'ns as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a view of the improved vis largely in vertical longitudinal section, certain parts being shown in side elevation and broken away; i

Figure 2 is a view of the vise largely in side elevation, certain parts of the barrel and saddle being broken away toshow the internal construction;

Figure 3 is a view in side elevation of the vise mounted upon a base permitting the rotation upon a vertical axis; 7

Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the barrel and back jaw;

Figure 5 is a perspective View of the nut and clamping mechanism;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the jaw structure and slotted sleeve, the slotted sleeve and screw being sectioned, and the pipe jaw element being removed;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

1921. Serial No. 449,397.

Figure 7 is a vertical on line 7-7 of Figure 1;

Figure is a view of the jaw structure taken on line 8-8 of Figure 3 with the pipe aw members removed, and

Figure 9 is a view of the pipe jaw structure taken on line 9-9 of Figure 3.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The vise disclosed in tion makes provision for sectional view taken the present applicause elther as a pipe vise or as a mechanics vise, the latter form being intended to include vise jaws for clamping parallel surfaces or jaws of the usual and ordinary construction.

The pipe jaws are indicated by the jaw members 10 and 11, while the mechanics jaws are indicated at 12.

N0 especial invent-ion is claimed for the feature of the mechanics jaws, such jaws operating in substantially the usual and ordinary manner so far as their co-action is concerned. The back jaw 13 is provided with a barrel 14 preferably integral therewith which is proportioned for a working or rotating fit within the saddle 15. The saddle 15 is the sustaining structure by means of which the vise is secured to any stationary object, as a bench. In the type shown at Figures 1 and 2 this attaching means is by means of a screw 16 inserted through an arm 17, by means of which the vise is clamped upon a bench 18. In the type shown at Figure 3, the saddle 15 is rigid, or integral with the member 19. mounted to rotate upon the base 20 which is rigidly secured to the bench 21 in any approved man ner, as .by the bolts 22, and manual means indicated conventionally at 23 is provided to control the rotation of the entire organized structure upon a vertical axis, permitting the swinging of the vise to various angles. The manner of attaching, however, forms no part of the present invention and is old in the art.

The back jaw 13 is provided with a shoulder 24 bearing against the saddle 15 in which the barrel 14 is mounted to rotate, and a collar 25 is secured to the barrel 14 in any approved manner, as by screws 26, inserted through the o enings 27 in the collar 25 (see Figure 5). he attachment of this collar 25 to the barrel 14 by the screws 26 leaves a slight space between the collar and the barrel, as shown at 28. The utility of this space will become apparent as the description of the structure is further developed. The collar 25 carries a nut 29 rigidly or integrally connected therewith by means of an offset 30 and is provided with a bracket arm 31 which bears upon the saddle 15 when the parts are assembled, as will be more apparent from an examination of Figure 1.

The nut 29 is positioned and proportioned for inter-engagement with a screw 32 which is inserted through the front jaw 33 and through a sleeve 34 preferably integral therewith. The screw 32 is provided with any usual and ordinary means for manipulation, as the lever 34, by means of which stress is applied to the screw. A sleeve 35 is mounted upon the shank of the screw 32 and secured by a set screw 36 manipulated through an opening 37. The sleeve 35 is only for the purpose of preventing the complete withdrawal of the screw and bears against the back jaw, as indicated in Figure 1. The sleeve 34 is slotted, as indicated at 39, to pass over the arm 30 and bracket 31 of the collar 25 to permit the sliding of the sleeve 34 and therewith the front jaw 33 relative to the collar 25 under the impulse imparted thereto by the lever 34. When stress is applied to the lever 34 it serves to move the jaws, as for instance, 12 into engagement, whereupon the further stress serves to draw the collar 25 toward the jaw 33 resisted by the jaw 13. This results in the clamping of the saddle 15 between the shoulder 24 and the collar 25, whereby anyv position of the organized structure of the jaws is maintained whilethe jaws are in clamped position. The relation of the jaws 13 and 33 to each other is maintained for the purpose of rotation and otherwise by the engagement of the arm 30 in the slot 39, whereby both the front and back jaws must remain at all times in proper alinement.

So that the jaw structure shall not be'free to rotate about the axis of the screw 32 too freely, means is provided for maintaining the structure at-predetermined points yieldingly. This means comprises a plunger 40 freely slidable in a socket 41 formed in the end of the saddle l5 and actuated by a spring 42 more clearly shown at Figure 1. The plunger 40 is properly positioned to engage in one of a plurality of indentations 43 formed around and adjacent to the periphery of the collar 25, as shown more particularly at Figure 5. The rotation of the jaw structure is, therefore, yieldingly resisted by the engagement of the plunger 40 in one of the indentations 43, but when such resistance is overcome, permits the rotation either the pipe jaws or the mechanics jaws at vertical, horizontal, or 45 upon either side, which will be suflicient for ordinary operations. It is apparent, however, that such indentations may be increased or decreased, or wholly done away wit-h, relying only upon the frictional engagement of the plunger 40 with the collar 25, as may be found desirable.

The pipe jaws comprise spaced jaw members 11 carried by the back jaw 13 and secured therein in any approved manner, as by the set screws 44. These jaw members 11 are spaced apart to permit the jaw member 10 to pass therebetween so that the ends overlap as indicated at Figure 1. The jaw member 10 is carried by the front jaw 33 and is secured by set screw 45, a rib 46 being provided beneath said jaw member 10 when in IPOSltlOIi to operate the pipe jaws norma ly, as shown at Figure 2, for the purpose of supporting said jaw member.

The jaw member 10 carries a shear 47 pivoted thereto at 48. The shear member is in. position to be engaged by the nose 49 of one of the pipe jaw members 11 so that, as the vise closes, said nose 49, bearing against the said shear member 47, forces said shear member to pass over the several openings 50 formed in the said jaw member 10 to shear any rod, wire or the like inserted through any of the said 0 enings. To return the shear to such position that the several perforations 50 are 0 en for the receipt of a -rod when the vise is opened,- a spring 51 is provided to bear against sald shear, as indicated at Figure 6 to throw said jaw from the closed position shown at Figure 1 to the open position as shown at Figure 3.

In operation, with the jaws open, assuming that the jaws are in the sltion shown at Figures 1 and 3 and it is esired to bring the pipe jaws uppermost for use, the vise structure, consisting of the front jaw 33, the back jaw 13, the barrel 14, the sleeve 34, and collar 25 are rotated 180, the plunger 40 meantime engaging and disengaging three of the indentations 43 and coming to rest in the fourth. A pipe, as indicated at Figure 2, is now inserted between the pipe jaws, and the jaws tightened by manipulating the lever 34 and screw 32. The tightening of the front jaw 33 against the back jaw 13 causes a tightening of the collar 25 to clamp the saddle 15 rigidly between the back jaw and such collar. The nut 29 within the sleeve 34 being mounted upon the arm 30 naturally yields to a very small degree. This is resisted by the engagement of the supporting bracket 31 upon the barrel 14, which not only lends ri 'dity and resistance tothe nut 29, but also orces such arm, or bracket, 31 into binding engagement with the saddle 15 to assist in retaining the jaw structure against rotation, which is in addition to the -lected to correspond to the wire to be sheared. With the jaws in the position shown at Figure 2, the rod, or wire, may be so inserted and without the pipe shown engaged in such Figure, the jaws may be further forced together by manipulating the screw 32 until the nose 49 of'one of the ipe jaws 11 engages the shear, as shown at igure 1, to force such shear to pass over and across to the openings 50, shearing whatever rod or wire may be inserted through said opening. The release of the stress either of clamping or shearing, will permit the rotation of the jaw structure upon its horizontal axis corresponding to the axis of the screw 32 to bring the jaws 12 into operative position. The operative position referred to hereinbefore has been that position at the top or in a vertical position. It is obvious that either the mechanics jaw or the pipe jaws may assume any other position determined by the plunger 40 and indentations 43, if the indentations are em ployed, but it is also obvious that the vise may be stopped intermediate the indentations 43, they serving only as indications of position and to hold the vise against accidental movement, performing, however, no part in the clamping function.

' By the arran ement of the several parts and their combinations, a vise is provided which has jaws for different purposes preferably diametrically opposite each other relative to the actuating screw, but which said jaws may be rotated about the screw as an axis to bring either of said jaws into operative position relative to a horizontal or a vertical, so that either of said jaws may be used independently of the other, or in any desired position, or at any desired angle. The angle being once secured by position of the structure, is maintained merel by clamping the'work between either 0 said jaws, and is automatically maintained so long as the work is mainta ned in such position. As hereinbefore explained, this is maintained not only b the clamping of the saddle between the col ar 25 and shoulder 24 but by the very slight yielding engagement of the arm 31 u n the interior 0 the saddle. The mounting of the nut 21 thus supported not only performs the function of augmenting the clamping but braces the nut against breakage, due to its support from only a single radial arm, thus making it possible to use a sleeve to contain the screw slotted only alon a single side, thus strengthening the s eeve.

The device comprises in compact form a vise for various purposes, also for shearing and for working at any desired angle relative either to a horizontal or a vertical.

What I claim to be new is:

1. A vise comprising front and back jaws, the front jaw being provided with a slotted sleeve extending through the back jaw, a sustaining structure embracing the back jaw and permitting rotation relative thereto, and a nut structure carried by the back jaw inserted through the sleeve and having an offset arm bearing in clamping relation upon the sustaining structure.

2. A vise comprising front and back jaws, the front jaw being provided with a longitudinally slotted hollow sleeve inserted through the back jaw, a sustaining structure embracing the back jaw permitting the rotation of the combined jaws therein, a screw inserted through the front jaw and the sleeve, and a nut structureslidable within the slot of the sleeve and inter-engaging with the screw and having an offset arm bearing upon the sustaining structure and clamping therewith when subject to stress by the screw.

7 3. A vise comprising front and back 'a-ws, the front jaw being provided with a ollow longitudinally slotted sleeve slidable through the back jaw, a screw inserted through the front jaw and axially through the sleeve, a cylindrical sustaining structure embracing the back jaw and permitting the rotation of the associated jaws therein, a nut structure carried by the back jaw slidable through the slot of the sleeve and inter-engaging the screw, and an offset arm carried by the nut structure in rotatable sliding engagement with the cylindrical sustalning structure adapted to clamp therewith under stress exerted upon the nut structure by the screw.

4. A vise comprising front and back jaws, the front jaw being provided with a hollow longitudinally slotted sleeve inserted and slidable through the back jaw, a screw rotatable axially within the hollow sleeve, a cylindrical sustaining structure embracing t e back jaw, a nut engaging the screw an having an arm offset and slidable through the slot, a collar rigid with the nut and adapted to clamp the sustaining structure between such collar and the back jaw under stress of the screw applied to the nut, and an offset carried byl the arm in rotary sliding engagement wit the interior of the sustaining structure, adapted to clamp therewith under stress of the screw.

5. A vise comprising sliding 'aws, one of which is provided with lateral perforations, a shear member carried by said jaw adapted to move across said perforations, meanscarried b the opposing jaw to engage the shear and orce it to move across said perforations as the jaws close, and manual means for closing the jaws.

6. A vise com rising sliding jaws, one of which is provide( with lateral perforations, a shear member pivoted to said jaw, a nose carried by the opposing jaw positioned to engage the shear to force it to travel over the perforations as the jaws close, means to rotate the jaws as an organized structure to move the shearing device into and out of operative position, and means to exert stress to actuate said shear and simultaneously to clamp the jaw structure in such adjusted positlon.

7. A vise comprising jaws slidable relative to each other and rotatable upon a horizontal axis as an organized structure, working faces carried by the jaw members upon one side ofthe axis of rotation and proportioned to enga e parallel surfaces, jaw members carried diametrically opposite the said Working faces and spaced apart, a single jaw member carried by the opposed jaw ada ted to pass between the spaced jaw mem ers, said last-mentioned jaw members having facial conformations for engaging and clamping a cylindrical member, said single jaw member being provided with lateral perforations, a shear pivoted to the single jaw member and adapted to swing across said perforations, a nose carried by said spaced jaw members adapted to engage said shear member to force it to move through its arc of movement, and means to apply manual force to bring said shear into action.

8. A vise comprising sliding jaw members, one of said members being provided with lateral perforations, a shear pivoted to said jaw and proportioned to pass over said perforations, means carried by the other jaw member for engaging and actuating the shear, and means to apply manual force to actuate the jaws.

9. A vise comprising jaws slidable relative to each other and rotatable upon a horizontal axis as an organized structure, working faces carried by the jaw members upon one side of the axis of rotation and proportioned to engage parallel surfaces, 'aws carried at an angle relative to the rst-mentioned jaws and the axis of rotation, a single jaw member carried by the opposed jaw adapted to pass between the spaced jaw members, said last-mentioned jaw members having facial conformations for engaging and clamping a cylindrical member, said jaw member being provided with lateral perforations, a shear pivoted to the single jaw me1nher and adapted to swing across said conformations, a nose carried by said spaced jaw members and adapted to engage said shear member to force it to move through its arc of movement, and means to apply manual force to bring said shear into actlon.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in resence of two witnesses.

EDW N WAYLAND FULTON.

Witnesses:

LEWIS M. SMITH, H. W. CORNELL. 

